Fergana valley
Khujand, with its roots tracing back to antiquity, has a rich history that spans centuries. Established during the Akhemenid dynasty, the city flourished under the reign of King Darius and later gained prominence as Alexandria Eschate, a hub of culture, trade, and craftsmanship under Alexander the Great.
Situated at the gateway to the fertile Fergana Valley, Khujand played a vital role as a key center along the Silk Road, enjoying prosperity and wealth. Ancient records attest to its abundance of resources, including precious metals mined from the surrounding mountains and lush gardens irrigated by the Sayhuna (Syr Darya) and Bahorgona rivers.
Renowned for its generous people, scientific advancements, and flourishing arts, Khujand produced notable figures in astronomy, mathematics, medicine, history, poetry, and music. The city's strategic location along the Great Silk Road facilitated economic and cultural exchanges with civilizations worldwide.
Following the Russian invasion in the 19th century, Khujand emerged as an industrial hub, marked by the construction of railways and rapid urban development. Recognizing its cultural heritage, the city received the Order of Friendship of Peoples from the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on its 2500th anniversary in 1986.